I'm afraid I can say more about how awful (aaawfuuul) were the other invaders, than how benevolent was the Brightest Lord. He was apparently... civilized, even by modern standards.
Anyway. When we lost our state, we could only keep ourselves swimming, so to say, using our culture. And both Germany and Russia were trying to - well, to belittle it at least, sometimes informally and sometimes by the law. Eg. it was impossible to advance to higher military ranks in German Empire if you were a Pole - you were just kept forgotten when your colleagues were getting promoted, over and over. At the same time in Russian Empire all the education was done in Russian, from the first elementary grade - the children were targets of the imperial politics, one could say. And while under the German reign you could at least try and defend your case in court, the whole Russia was still the private possesion of Tzar, so the law implementation there was so-so.
A fine example of impact of the Russian internal policies is the character of Captain Nemo. While Jules Verne made him initially a Polish noble, he had to rewrite him into a Hindu raja, because his publisher was afraid to get kicked out of the Russian market due to the state censorship. How rude.
At the same time Austria apparently was multi-culti to some extent, and Poles were just one of plenty of nations under the benevolent rule of the Brightest Lord, at equal rights with all the others. So we were allowed to play the game with fair rules. A Pole could become the Prime Minister for instance - as it indeed happend (twice, if I remember right). No wonder our culture flourished in Galizien.
Oh, BTW - I've just checked and
this pub in the Old Town apparently is still in the business.